Install Windows XP

Install Windows XP

This procedure demonstrates how to install Windows XP Professional. The procedure to install Windows XP home edition is very similar to the professional edition. Since Windows XP Pro is more advanced operating system, it will be used to demonstrate the installation procedure.

The best way install Windows XP is to do a clean install. It is not difficult to perform a clean installation. Before you perform the installation I recommend that you check Windows XP Compatibility List to ensure that your hardware is supported by XP. If your hardware is not on the compatibility list you can check your hardware manufactures website to download the drivers for Windows XP. Save all the necessary drivers onto floppy disks or CD before you start the installation.

All versions of Windows XP CD are bootable. In order to boot from CD/DVD-ROM you need to set the boot sequence. Look for the boot sequence under your BIOS setup and make sure that the first boot device is set to CD/DVD-ROM. You can then perform the following steps to install Windows XP:

Step 1 - Start your PC and place your Windows XP CD in your CD/DVD-ROM drive. Your PC should automatically detect the CD and you will get a message saying "Press any key to boot from CD". Soon as computer starts booting from the CD your will get the following screen:

Step 2 - At this stage it will ask you to press F6 if you want to install a third party Raid or SCSI driver. If you are using a an IDE Hard Drive then you do not need to press F6. If you are using a SCSI or SATA Hard drive then you must press F6 otherwise Windows will not detect your Hard Drive during the installation. Please make sure you have the Raid drivers on a floppy disk. Normally the drivers are supplied on a CD which you can copy to a floppy disk ready to be installed. If you are not sure how to do this then please read your motherboard manuals for more information.

Step 3 - Press S to Specify that you want to install additional device.

Step 4 - You will be asked to insert the floppy disk with the Raid or SCSI drivers. Press enter after you have inserted the disk.

Step 5 - You will see a list of Raid drivers for your HDD. Select the correct driver for your device and press enter.

Step 6 - You will then get a Windows XP Professional Setup screen. You have the option to do a new Windows install, Repair previous install or quit. Since we are doing a new install we just press Enter to continue.

Step 7 - You will be presented with the End User Licensing Agreement. Press F8 to accept and continue

Step 8 - This step is very important. Here we will create the partition where Windows will be installed. If you have a brand new unformatted drive you will get a screen similar to below. In our case the drive size is 8190MB. We can choose to install Windows in this drive without creating a partition, hence use the entire size of the drive. If you wish to do this you can just press enter and Windows will automatically partition and format the drive as one large drive.
However for this demonstration I will create two partition. The first partition will be 6000MB (C: drive) and second partition would be 2180MB (E: drive). By creating two partition we can have one which stores Windows and Applications and the other which stores our data. So in the future if anything goes wrong with our Windows install such as virus or spyware we can re-install Windows on C: drive and our data on E: drive will not be touched. Please note you can choose whatever size partition your like. For example if you have 500GB hard drive you can have two partition of 250GB each.

Press C to create a partition.

Step 8 - Windows will show the total size of the hard drive and ask you how much you want to allocate for the partition you are about to create. I will choose 6000MB. You will then get the screen below. Notice it shows C: Partition 1 followed by the size 6000 MB. This indicates the partition has been created. We still have an unpartitioned space of 2189MB. Next highlight the unpartitioned space by pressing down the arrow key. Then press C to create another partition. You will see the total space available for the new partition. Just choose all the space left over, in our case 2180MB.

Step 9 - Now you will see both partition listed. Partition 1 (C: Drive) 6000MB and Partition 2 (E: Drive) 2180MB. You will also have 8MB of unpartitioned space. Don't worry about that. Just leave it how its is. Windows normally has some unpartitioned space. You might wonder what happened to D: drive. Windows has automatically allocated D: drive to CD/DVD-ROM.

Select Partition 1 (C: Drive) and press Enter.

Step 10 - Choose format the partition using NTFS file system.This is the recommended file system. If the hard drive has been formatted before then you can choose quick NTFS format. We chose NTFS because it offers many security features, supports larger drive size, and bigger size files.

Windows will now start formatting drive C: and start copying setup files as shown on the two images below :

Step 11 - After the setup has completed copying the files the computer will restart. Leave the XP CD in the drive but this time DO NOT press any key when the message "Press any key to boot from CD" is displayed. In few seconds setup will continue. Windows XP Setup wizard will guide you through the setup process of gathering information about your computer.

Step 12 - Choose your region and language.

Step 13 - Type in your name and organization.

Step 14. Enter your product key.

Step 15 - Name the computer, and enter an Administrator password. Don't forget to write down your Administrator password.

Step 16 - Enter the correct date, time and choose your time zone.

Step 17 - For the network setting choose typical and press next.

Step 18 - Choose workgroup or domain name. If you are not a member of a domain then leave the default settings and press next. Windows will restart again and adjust the display.

Step 19 - Finally Windows will start and present you with a Welcome screen. Click next to continue.

Step 20 - Choose 'help protect my PC by turning on automatic updates now' and press next.

Step 21 - Will this computer connect to the internet directly, or through a network? If you are connected to a router or LAN then choose: 'Yes, this computer will connect through a local area network or home network'. If you have dial up modem choose: 'No, this computer will connect directly to the internet'. Then click Next.

Step 22 - Ready to activate Windows? Choose yes if you wish to active Windows over the internet now. Choose no if you want to activate Windows at a later stage.

Step 23 - Add users that will sign on to this computer and click next.

Step 24 - You will get a Thank you screen to confirm setup is complete. Click finish.

Step 25. Log in, to your PC for the first time.

Step 26 - You now need to check the device manager to confirm that all the drivers has been loaded or if there are any conflicts. From the start menu select Start -> Settings -> Control Panel. Click on the System icon and then from the System Properties window select the Hardware tab, then click on Device Manager.

If there are any yellow exclamation mark "!" next to any of the listed device, it means that no drivers or incorrect drivers has been loaded for that device. In our case we have a Video Controller (VGA card) which has no drivers installed.

Your hardware should come with manufacturer supplied drivers. You need to install these drivers using the automatic setup program provided by the manufacturer or you need to manually install these drivers. If you do not have the drivers, check the manufacturers website to download them.

To install a driver manually use the following procedure:

(a) From the device manager double click on the device containing the exclamation mark.

(b) This would open a device properties window.

(c) Click on the Driver tab.

(d) Click Update Driver button. The Wizard for updating device driver pops up as shown below:

You now get two options. The first option provides an automatic search for the required driver. The second option allows you to specify the location of the driver. If you don't know the location of the driver choose the automatic search which would find the required driver from the manufacturer supplied CD or Floppy disk. Windows would install the required driver and may ask you to restart the system for the changes to take affect. Use this procedure to install drivers for all the devices that contain an exclamation mark. Windows is completely setup when there are no more exclamation marks in the device manager.

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Computer Care and Saftey Rules

Computer Care and Saftey Rules

Computers are just like any other pieces of equipment, they need to be cleaned and cared for in order to get the most out of them. Most computers don't really see anything in the way of special care; their owners let them sit on a desk year round to collect dust. In turn, a computer whose internal parts are caked with dust will overheat faster and find itself running a lot slower than it should.

• Physical Care 

Computers need to be cleaned properly to keep in working order condition. You should clean your computer monitor about once a month by lightly spraying glass cleaner into a soft rag and wiping the monitor down. You should never spray the cleaner onto the monitor itself. Spraying substances onto a monitor will cause streaks, and depending how much substance you use, might permanently streak the monitor. Wipe the keyboard down with disinfectant wipes; you should never use a spray on your keyboard. If you use a spray on your keyboard, you chance having the liquid run down between the keys and damaging the keyboard. If something gets stuck between keys on your keyboard, you should use tweezers to remove it after turning off and unplugging your computer. If you simply try to brush the debris away, you chance knocking it down into the keyboard and losing whichever key it falls under. Once a year, spray down the insides of your computer with a small can of compressed air. Dust will often build up around parts, causing them to overheat easier and slowing down your computer. If you are using a standard mouse, you can remove the bottom frame to take out a small rubber ball. In the mouse where this ball sits are four small tracks. Use a small cotton swab to remove any dust and hairs that are on these tracks.

• Internal Maintenance 

A computer is a store house for mass amounts of data, so you could say a computer is like a big bookcase. Like real bookcases, they can become cluttered and unorganized, which can be frustrating when you're trying to find something. Having a cluttered computer also slows down the processing time for your normal every day functions. Defragmenting your computer will organize files in a fashion where the computer can easily access everything. This will allow for more RAM, which the computer will use for various tasks throughout its use. Most computers can be set to defrag on a regular routine; this feature is best used to defrag once a week. Besides defragging, the computer should have some kind of anti-virus program on it and perform routine scans to make sure you don't have any spyware or other malicious programs slowing down your computer.

Different Parts of the Computer and Their Function

Different Parts of the Computer and Their Function

Computer Case

A computer is made up of many different components. Each part has a specific function. Whether you need to replace a part, are thinking about building a computer, or just looking for some additional information, it's important to understand the basic computer parts and what they do.


Case
The case is the part of your computer that holds all the other parts. Some common types of computer cases are: full-tower, mid-tower, mini-tower, and laptop. If you have a desktop computer, you are likely using a mid-tower; if you are using a notebook computer, you have a laptop case.

Motherboard
The motherboard is the part of your computer that wires all of the other parts together. Every component of your computer, from the DVD burner to the CPU, will connect directly into the motherboard. Motherboard specs are typically designed around which processor (CPU) the computer uses. For example, if your computer uses an Intel processor, you will need an Intel compatible motherboard.

Processor (CPU)
The processor, or CPU, of a computer is basically the brains of the computer. The processor is responsible for interpreting every code it receives from the other computer components, and making it usable to your operating system. Some common types of processors are Intel Core 2 Duo and AMD Phenom. A processor's speed will often determine the overall speed of your computer.

Hard drive
The hard drive part of your computer is very simple. Essentially, it is the part of the computer that stores all your information. If you upload a picture to your computer, it is stored on the hard drive. Hard drive capacity is measure in gigabytes, or GB. There are typically two ways that hard drives can connect to the motherboard: SATA and IDE.

Vedio Cards(Graphic Cards)
A graphic card is the component of your computer that interprets video signal. These cards are necessary so that you can connect a monitor to your computer. There are many types of graphic cards available: anything from high-end gaming cards to TV tuner cards. Some popular graphic card manufacturers are NVIDIA, ATI Etc.

Ram (Memory)
You may have heard of people upgrading the RAM in their computers. RAM is the part of your computer that is used as instant memory. RAM is always in use. For example, if you run many programs at once, you may want to upgrade your RAM because your computer is using more memory. RAM comes in many different configurations, such as DDR2 and DDR3. The type of motherboard you have will determine your RAM.

Optical Drive
The last main part of a computer is the optical drive. An optical drive is many times the drive you would use to burn CDs, DVDs, Blu-Ray discs and more. Optical drives can be either slot loading, or tray loading and come in many different configurations. Optical drives connect directly to the motherboard of the computer.

password reset in windows 7

Create a Password Reset Disc in Windows 7
A great way to protect against a lost or forgotten password in Windows 7 is to create a Password Reset Disc. This will allow you to reset your password should you ever forget it. You'll need a USB flash drive or a floppy disc.


1. You'll need to access your user account by going to "Start" button, which is the "Windows Orb" at the lower left, and choose Control Panel. From the Control Panel, click on "User Accounts and Family Safety", and then on "User Accounts."

2. On the User Accounts screen, click on "Create a password reset disc" on the left panel.



3. The forgotten password wizard will open. Insert your USB flash device, or floppy disc, into your computer and then click "Next."


4. Choose from the drop down list the drive letter of the USB drive or floppy you are using and then click "Next." Enter the current user account password, and then click "Next."


Note: This recovery disc will still work even if you change your password in the future, but will not run if you re-run the the Create Password Reset Disc process again with a different disc.


5. The password recovery reset disc will be created. When the progress bar indicates 100% complete, click "Next."


6. You have successfully created Password Rest Disc. Label the disc if necessary and keep it in a safe place in the event you ever need to reset a lost Windows 7 password
.

Tips for flash drive

Computer Care Tips for a Flash Drive

Flash drives have become a popular means of storing and transferring data between computers, especially as the amount of storage space on the drives have grown larger. However, flash drive failures are not uncommon and can be especially devastating if you rely on a drive to hold all of your important data. There are a number of things that you can do to take care of your flash drive, extend its life expectancy and keep your data safe.

Moisture, Heat and Cold
Flash drives, like most mechanical devices, don't respond well if submerged in water or exposed to extreme temperatures. Don't leave the drive in a place where you could run the risk of spilling something on it. Also, don't leave it in location with great temperature fluctuations, such as inside a car during the winter or summer. 

Flash Drive Storage
If the flash drive has a cap to protect the USB connector, keep the drive capped when not plugged into the computer. Some drives also have the option to extend the USB connector into the drive itself. Keep the flash drive closed if it's not in use. 

Defragment Dangers
Never defragment your flash drive. Unlike computer hard drives that should be defragmented as regular maintenance, defragmenting a flash drive does nothing to speed up performance and can actually lessen the life expectancy of the drive. 

Limited Allowable Number of Writes
A flash drive has a certain number of allowable writes in its lifetime. This differs depending on the type of drive, but is typically 10,000 or 100,000 writes. Because of this, you should make edits to documents on your computer, and then transfer the finished documents to your flash drive. 

Proper Flash Drive Removal
Remember to correctly remove the flash drive from the computer when you are done using it. Shut all open files and folders and make sure the device has been properly stopped in Windows before pulling the drive out of the USB port.

but something was missing in my mind........

Today everything was going well but suddenly arount 1.pm i wa get disturb and thinking that what i missed
that was the lovely thing of my whole life i miss to ask one of my closest friend that "khana kha leya ke nahi"
but it was not possible to call my friend so i was sad on that time but hopes never die the day will come when there things make me more happy that i am missing now ...............

the day was owesome

today was very lucky for us we have done all pending works and get new opening for tommorow
i am very happy today because our burdn gets less ..now we can begin our next turn with new hopes and more encouragement  yaho.............................love you dear